Macromolecular delivery across the blood-brain barrier.
Authors: Hynynen K
The delivery of macromolecules into the central nervous system (CNS) via the blood stream is seriously limited by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Noninvasive, transient, and local image-guided blood-brain barrier disruption (BBBD) can be accomplished using focused ultrasound exposure with intravascular injection of pre-formed microbubbles. A detailed description of the method for MRI-guided focal BBBD in animals will be described in this chapter. The method may open a new era in CNS macromolecular drug delivery.
Introduction
Purpose
Drug delivery WITHOUT BBB opening
Study Objective
To investigate strategies for delivering macromolecules across the blood–brain barrier.
Animal model / Human subject
Rabbit
MRI or image guidance method
MRI guided (T1/T2)
Outcomes and Safety
Summary of Outcomes
No experimental results or biological/behavioral effects are reported in the supplied text (only the paper title 'Macromolecular delivery across the blood-brain barrier' was provided), so no successful focused ultrasound parameters or outcomes can be extracted.
Safety-related matter
The provided text contains no mention of safety or adverse effects; no information on adverse events was reported.
Brain Region
Ultrasound Parameters
Ultrasound instrument
Focused, MRI compatible piezoelectric transducer
FUS Frequency
0.7 MHz
FUS Mode
pulsed
Pulse duration
10 ms
Focal Characteristics
Focal depth: None; Focal length: 80 mm; Aperture size: 100 mm
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