Current surgical treatments for Parkinson's disease and potential therapeutic targets.
Authors: Lee DJ, Dallapiazza RF, De Vloo P, Lozano AM
Currently, the most common surgical treatment for Parkinson's disease is deep brain stimulation (DBS). This treatment strategy is typically reserved for bradykinesia, rigidity and tremor in patients who no longer respond to medication in a predictable manner or who suffer medication-induced dyskinesias. In addition to DBS, ablative procedures like radiofrequency, radiosurgery and focused ultrasound are also utilized for select tremor symptoms. In this review, we discuss evolving surgical techniques, targets, and emerging technology. In addition, we evaluate potential paradigm shifts in treatment, including gene therapy, immunotherapy and cell transplantation. While these new techniques and treatment options are still in their infancy, advances in Parkinson's disease treatment are rapidly expanding.
Introduction
Purpose
Thermal ablation
Study Objective
To review evolving surgical techniques, targets, and emerging technologies for Parkinson's disease and evaluate potential paradigm shifts such as gene therapy, immunotherapy, and cell transplantation.
Disease model
Parkinson's disease
Outcomes and Safety
Summary of Outcomes
Surgical interventions such as deep brain stimulation alleviate bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremor in Parkinson’s disease, and ablative approaches including focused ultrasound are effective for select tremor symptoms; the review did not report or test specific focused ultrasound parameter settings.
Safety-related matter
The paper mentions medication-induced dyskinesias as an adverse effect of pharmacotherapy but does not report any safety data or adverse effects related to deep brain stimulation, ablative procedures, or the emerging therapies discussed; no adverse events or safety findings are described.
Brain Region
Ultrasound Parameters
Focal Characteristics
focal depth: None; focal length: None; aperture size: None
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