Transcranial focused ultrasound to the thalamus alters anesthesia time in rats.
Authors: Yoo SS, Kim H, Min BK, Franck E, Park S
A pulsed application of focused ultrasound (FUS) to the regional brain tissue alters the state of tissue excitability and thus provides the means for noninvasive functional neuromodulation. We report that the application of transcranial FUS to the thalamus of anesthetized rats reduced the time to emergence of voluntary movement from intraperitoneal ketamine/xylazine anesthesia. Low-intensity FUS was applied to the thalamus of anesthetized animals. The times required for the animals to show distinct physiological/behavioral changes were measured and compared with those times required in a control session without sonication. The sonication significantly reduced the time to show pinch response and voluntary movement. The modulatory effects of FUS on anesthesia suggest potential therapeutic applications for disorders of consciousness such as minimally consciousness states.
Introduction
Purpose
Transcranial ultrasound stimulation
Study Objective
To determine whether low-intensity pulsed transcranial focused ultrasound applied to the thalamus accelerates emergence from ketamine-xylazine anesthesia in rats.
Animal model / Human subject
Rat (Rattus norvegicus), strain not reported, age not reported, sex not reported
Disease model
Anesthesia (ketamine-xylazine emergence) / disorders of consciousness (minimally conscious state)
MRI or image guidance method
not specified
Targeted brain region(s)
Thalamus
Target coordinates
not provided
Cargo name and characteristics
not provided
Route of administration
not provided
Outcomes and Safety
Summary of Outcomes
Transcranial pulsed low-intensity focused ultrasound applied to the thalamus of anesthetized rats accelerated emergence from ketamine-xylazine anesthesia, significantly shortening times to pinch response and voluntary movement (successful parameter: pulsed low-intensity FUS to thalamus).
Safety-related matter
No adverse effects or safety concerns are reported in the text; the study describes application of low-intensity FUS and notes reduced time to emergence without mentioning harm or safety outcomes.
Brain Region
Ultrasound Parameters
Ultrasound instrument
not provided
FUS Frequency
441 to 700 KHz
FUS Intensity
3.3-6 W/cm2
FUS Pressure
not provided
FUS Mode
pulsed
Pulse duration
not provided
Duration of a single FUS session
not provided
Focal Characteristics
Diameter: 6cm, Focal depth: 7cm
Treatment frequency
Single session
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