Histological examination of focused ultrasound effects on human brain tissue.
Authors: Spivak NM, Korb AS, Reyes SD, Bych BP, Schafer SF, Khanlou N, Johnson EA, Schafer ME, Cohen MS, Kuhn T, Bystritsky A
No abstract available
Introduction
Purpose
Transcranial ultrasound stimulation
Study Objective
To determine the ultrasound intensity threshold that causes irreversible structural damage in human brain tissue
Animal model / Human subject
Human (Homo sapiens), strain: N/A, age: not specified, sex: not specified
Outcomes and Safety
Summary of Outcomes
Pulsed FUS and continuous-wave FUS below 14000 mW/cm2 ISPTA.0 produced no detectable histological damage; higher continuous wave intensities caused tissue injury.
Safety-related matter
No adverse effect for pulsed exposures or continuous-wave exposures below 14000 mW/cm2 ISPTA.0 Above this threshold, spongiosis and cellular disruption were observed, indicating tissue damage.
Brain Region
Ultrasound Parameters
Ultrasound instrument
BX Pulsar 1002 (BrainSonix Corp) with focused ultrasonic transducer, 61.5 mm diameter
FUS Frequency
650 kHz
FUS Intensity
ISPTA.3: 356-5700 mW/cm2; ISPTA.0: 430-6882 mW/cm2; ISPPA.0: 8.6-17.2 W/cm2
FUS Pressure
pulsed: 0.32-0.72 Mpa; continuous wave: 0.2-1.6 Mpa
FUS Mode
pulsed and continuous
Pulse duration
0.5 ms, 50 ms
Duration of a single FUS session
60 s
Focal Characteristics
Focal depth: None; Focal length: 42 mm; Aperture size: 61.5 mm
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